黎民伟 Lai Minwei

黎民伟 Lai Minwei （1893年—1953年10月26日），祖籍广东四会下埗黎寨村或新会会城都会；香港电影之父，中国电影早期开拓者之一，中国民主革命家。黎民伟的第一位妻子是严淑姬，艺名严珊珊，1914年1月7日与黎民伟结婚，后又娶林楚楚（1904-1979年）为平妻，黎民伟与林楚楚的女儿黎萱为演员；侄女黎灼灼为粤语片演员；其中一个孙女黎姿则是演员及歌手。长女黎佩兰嫁与前中华民国总统府秘书长，有“外交教父”之称的沈昌焕。 黎民伟出生在日本，父亲在日经营白米生意。六岁时，黎民伟首次到香港。黎民伟早年就读香港圣保罗书院，后积极参加孙中山的革命运动。后来更担任战地记者，冒着生命危险把日军侵华的事实以影片的方式记录下来。为了拍摄电影《庄子试妻》，黎民伟让元配妻子严姗姗（1896-1952年）饰演女角，是中国电影史上第一位专业女演员。黎民伟也曾让林楚楚饰演女角。 1921年，黎民伟与兄长黎北海、长兄黎海山、罗永祥、梁少坡、谭伯烈、陆醒伯等人在香港创建民新制造影画片有限公司。1923年，在香港正式成立民新影片公司，由黎海山任经理，黎民伟任副经理。 1924至1925年，国共合作期间，黎民伟亲赴北伐前线实地拍摄，将第一次国内革命战争时期的重要人物孙中山、李大钊、周恩来等人拍入了镜头，剪辑了一批极其珍贵的新闻纪录片。 1926年，民新影片公司迁至上海。1930年，罗明佑向黎民伟提出合作，组建联华影片公司，黎民伟就任总经理。1936年，由于联华影业公司业绩下滑，黎民伟又将公司分离出来，成立新的民新影片公司。 1937年“七七事变”爆发后，黎民伟回到香港，继续经营民新公司及相关影院。1941年的一场空袭让他的电影事业再遭重创，他从上海带来的多数影片被烧毁，仅有几部被他从大火中抢救出来。日军占领香港后，要求黎民伟出面主持香港电影工作。不愿做汉奸的黎民伟，只得将记录孙中山先生早期革命影像的《勋业千秋》拷贝带在身边，和家人一道，连夜逃往湛江老家。从此，这部影片便同黎民伟一起，开始了颠沛流离的逃亡生涯。 抗日战争胜利后，黎民伟重返香港，主持仙乐电影院。1953年底，病危中的黎民伟嘱托妻子林楚楚一定要将《勋业千秋》拷贝送去北京，交给国家。后黎民伟在香港病逝，终年60岁。次年4月，林楚楚将《勋业千秋》连同另一部《淞沪抗战纪实》一起捐赠给了中央电影局。 黎民伟的代表作： 《庄子试妻》（编剧） 《臙脂》（导演） 《天涯歌女》（制片人） 《战地情天》（导演） 《古都春梦》（摄影） 《渔光曲》（制片主任） 《母性之光》（制片主任） 《勋业千秋》（纪录片） Lai Minwei 黎民伟(1893-October 26, 1953), whose ancestral home is Lizhai Village or Xinhui City, Sihui, Guangdong; the father of Hong Kong film, one of the early pioneers of Chinese film, and a Chinese democratic revolutionist. Li Minwei's first wife was Yan Shuji, whose stage name was Yan Shanshan. She married Li Minwei on January 7, 1914, and later married Lin Chuchu (1904-1979) as his wife. Li Xuan, the daughter of Li Minwei and Lin Chuchu, was an actress. ; Niece Lai Zhuo-zhuo is a Cantonese film actress; one of her granddaughters, Gigi Lai, is an actress and singer. The eldest daughter Li Peilan is married to Shen Changhuan, the former Secretary-General of the Presidential Office of the Republic of China and known as the "Godfather of Diplomacy". Li Minwei was born in Japan, where his father ran a rice business. At the age of six, Lai Man-wai visited Hong Kong for the first time. Lai Man-wai studied at St. Paul's College in Hong Kong in his early years, and later actively participated in Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary movement. Later, he served as a war correspondent, risking his life to record the facts of the Japanese invasion of China on film. In order to film the movie "Zhuangzi Tests His Wife", Li Minwei asked his first wife Yan Shanshan (1896-1952) to play the female role. She was the first professional actress in the history of Chinese film. Lai Minwei also asked Lin Chuchu to play the female role. In 1921, Li Minwei and his elder brothers Li Beihai, eldest brother Li Haishan, Luo Yongxiang, Liang Shaopo, Tan Bolie, Lu Xingbo and others founded Minxin Film and Video Manufacturing Co., Ltd. in Hong Kong. In 1923, Minxin Film Company was formally established in Hong Kong, with Li Haishan as the manager and Li Minwei as the deputy manager. From 1924 to 1925, during the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, Li Minwei went to the front line of the Northern Expedition to shoot on the spot. He captured important figures such as Sun Yat-sen, Li Dazhao, and Zhou Enlai during the First Civil Revolutionary War and edited a number of extremely precious news documentaries. . In 1926, Minxin Film Company moved to Shanghai. In 1930, Luo Mingyou proposed cooperation with Li Minwei to establish Lianhua Film Company, and Li Minwei became the general manager. In 1936, due to the decline in performance of Lianhua Film Company, Li Minwei separated the company and established a new Minxin Film Company. After the July 7th Incident broke out in 1937, Lai Man-wai returned to Hong Kong and continued to operate Minxin Company and related theaters. An air raid in 1941 severely damaged his film career. Most of the films he brought from Shanghai were burned, and only a few were rescued from the fire. After the Japanese army occupied Hong Kong, they asked Li Minwei to come forward to preside over Hong Kong film work. Li Minwei, who did not want to be a traitor, had no choice but to take a copy of "A Thousand Years of Service" which recorded Dr. Sun Yat-sen's early revolutionary images with him, and fled to his hometown in Zhanjiang overnight with his family. From then on, this film, together with Li Minwei, began his wandering life of escape. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Li Minwei returned to Hong Kong and presided over Xianle Cinema. At the end of 1953, Li Minwei, who was critically ill, asked his wife Lin Chuchu to send a copy of "A Thousand Years of Service" to Beijing and hand it over to the country. Later, Lai Minwei died of illness in Hong Kong at the age of 60. In April of the following year, Lin Chuchu donated "A Thousand Years of Service" to the Central Film Bureau together with another "Songhu Anti-Japanese War Documentary". Representative works of Li Minwei: "Zhuangzi Tests His Wife" (screenwriter) "Rouge" (director) "Song Girl from the End of the World" (producer) "Battlefield Love" (director) "Spring Dream in the Ancient Capital" (Photography) "Fishing Light Song" (Production Director) "The Light of Motherhood" (Production Director) "A Thousand Years of Merit" (Documentary)