南海十三郎江誉镠Jiang Yuliu

南海十三郎江誉镠Jiang Yuliu（1910年3月3日—1984年5月6日），又名江誉球、黄标，字绛霞，号小兰斋主，别号南海江枫，艺名南海十三郎，人称江十三、十三哥，于广州出生，祖籍广东南海县张槎下塱村，乃1930年代粤港著名粤剧剧作家。代表作包括《心声泪影》、《女儿香》、《燕归人未归》等。弟子有袁准、唐涤生等。育有一女黄菊霜。江誉镠为清末翰林江孔殷太史第十三子，且为影星梅绮和食家江献珠的叔父。 江誉镠两岁时跟江孔殷迁往香港坚道七十五号，不久回到位于广州河南同德里的太史第居住。于太史第内的“兰斋私塾”读书，师从名儒何天辅、陈桂生等习经史；十岁入读南武小学，师从胡凤昌等；此后江誉镠先后入读私立岭南大学附属中学、广州私立中德中学、香港预科书院、香港华仁书院，再考入香港大学修读医科，因学校宗教背景而信奉基督教并受洗成为教徒。 1924年，香港预科书院邀请“寰球乐剧团”义演，班主何浩泉延请江誉镠编剧，江氏遂将莎士比亚的喜剧《皆大欢喜》改编成粤剧《寒夜箫声》，亦为其所编撰的第一出粤剧剧本。 1929年，江誉镠加入由粤剧名伶薛觉先所创立“觉先声剧团”的第一届戏班，并起艺名“南海十三郎”。同年自香港大学退学，打算转校到北平协和医学院，后因故留居上海，直至1932年回广州。1930年，凭剧作《心声泪影》扬名省港。1938年，广州沦陷，江誉镠跟随家人逃难至香港，曾与某女子同居并生下一女，后来起名黄菊霜。翌年，江氏受赵如琳邀请到广东，加入省立艺术院编撰《平戎帐下歌》等抗日粤剧。1940年，时任广东省政府主席李汉魂聘请江氏担任“战时粤省参议”，江誉镠则自改名号为“南海江枫”。翌年，北上曲江，与关德兴（艺名“新靓就”）合作编剧。1945年8月，回广州。不久，有朋友请江氏到香港办报；半年后，又乘坐火车回广州，途经萝岗时，他突然遭人推倒并跌伤头部及脊骨，后被送往河南广州市红十字会医院留医 1949年，江誉镠回到南海县乡下居住；同年冬天，又赴香港中环，于皇后大道中鹿角酒店（现址为鹿角大厦）居住，后曾迁居到湾仔分域街、轩尼诗道附近。1953年、1959年，曾两度被送往高街精神病院。1961年，曾被送往青山医院，翌年三月出院。当时，江誉镠每每由其侄女兼当时已为新约教会创办人的江端仪送其进精神病院接受治疗。江誉镠亦曾因于香港街头流浪及屡屡进出精神病院等经历，并受江端仪影响，而一度再次信奉基督教。1964年，为《工商晚报》等撰写专栏文章。1970年，江誉镠得佛教大光中学（现址为大光德萃书院）创办人慈祥法师向大屿山宝莲禅寺时任住持筏可和尚引荐，筏可怜江誉镠流离失所，遂准许其留住宝莲寺，并予以接待员（俗称“知客”）一职，专事招待外宾，导游寺内名胜。1976年，又曾被送往青山医院。1984年，江氏因患普通科病，由青山医院转送往玛嘉烈医院，后于5月6日在该院去世，享年74岁。 江誉镠参演过的电影：《南国丽人》（1958年）、 《一寸山河一寸血》（1972年）。 粤剧《南海十三郎》，是由佛山粤剧院、佛山电台联合出品，高志森导演，杜国威编剧，演员李江崊饰演南海十三郎。该粤剧根据真人真事改编，讲述粤剧天才编剧——南海十三郎艺海浮沉的一生，并融合粤剧、岭南美食、广东和中国香港（地区）人文等众多元素。 Nam Hoi Sap-Sam Long was born on 3 March 1910 in Huangsha Cong, Nanhai County, Guangdong, China.A famous Cantonese opera playwright in Guangdong and Hong Kong in the 1930s. His representative works include "The Voice of the Heart, the Tears and Shadows", "The Fragrance of the Daughter", "The Swallow Returns, but the Man Does Not Return" and so on. His disciples include Yuan Zhun, Tang Tisheng and so on. He is a writer and director, known for Nu er xiang (1939), Zhao Zilong (1940) and Wan'e zhi fu (1937). He has a daughter, Huang Jushuang. Jiang Yuliu is the thirteenth son of Jiang Kongyin, a Hanlin in the late Qing Dynasty, and the uncle of the movie star Mei Qi and the gourmet Jiang Xianzhu. In 1961, Jiang Yuliu was sent to the Castle Peak Hospital and was discharged in March of the following year. At that time, Jiang Yuliu was often sent to a mental hospital for treatment by his niece, Jiang Duanyi, who was the founder of the New Testament Church at the time. Jiang Yuliu also had experiences of wandering the streets of Hong Kong and repeatedly going in and out of mental hospitals, and was influenced by Jiang Duanyi，Jiang Yuliu believed in Christianity. In 1964, he wrote columns for the "Gongshang Evening News" and other newspapers. In 1970, Jiang Yuliu was introduced to the then abbot of Po Lin Monastery on Lantau Island by Master Cixiang, the founder of Buddhist Da Guang Middle School (now Da Guang De Cui College). Master Fa Ke, who felt sorry for Jiang Yuliu's displacement, allowed him to stay in Po Lin Monastery and gave him the position of receptionist (commonly known as "Zhi Ke"), specializing in entertaining foreign guests and guiding tourists to the temple's attractions. In 1976, he was sent to Castle Peak Hospital. In 1984, Jiang was transferred from Castle Peak Hospital to Princess Margaret Hospital due to a general illness. He died in the hospital on May 6 at the age of 74.